Second Corinthians 7:10 is the clearest biblical taxonomy of regret: "For godly sorrow worketh repentance to salvation not to be repented of: but the sorrow of the world worketh death." Godly sorrow is productive — it generates metánoia, a change of mind that reorients the entire life direction. Worldly sorrow is regret without repentance — feeling bad about the past with no movement toward God. Worldly sorrow doesn't produce change; it produces shame spirals that drain the soul.
Peter and Judas both betrayed Jesus on the night of his arrest. Both felt remorse. The difference was not the intensity of the guilt — it was the direction they moved in it. Judas went to the chief priests and threw the money back; then he went and hanged himself. Peter wept bitterly — and then, in John 21, he walked toward the beach where Jesus was already cooking breakfast. The direction of your remorse determines everything.
Charismatic theology holds that conviction of the Spirit is always purposeful — it names the sin, leads toward repentance, and moves you forward. Condemnation has no direction; it only circles. When remorse keeps repeating the same accusation without producing any change, that is not the Spirit's conviction. It is the enemy's indictment — and 1 John 1:9 has already answered it: "If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins, and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness." Past tense. Done.
Commentary is from a charismatic Protestant perspective, drawing on KJV text and public-domain sources including Spurgeon, Andrew Murray, and Matthew Henry.